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29 CFR 1910.178: Forklifts and other powered industrial trucks

Subpart N—Materials Handling and Storage · official heading: Powered industrial trucks

Operators must be trained and evaluated before they drive, and re-evaluated at least every three years. Trucks must be examined before use each day, or after each shift when they run around the clock.

39,777citations since 2015
25,863employers cited
65%serious, willful or repeat
$724median penalty per item

OSHA has cited 29 CFR 1910.178 39,777 times since 2015, against 25,863 employers. Penalties on these items add up to $83,015,345 at their current amounts.

Citations per year

The parts of the rule cited most

1910.178(l)(1)(i) · 6,909 citations

(l) Operator training. (1) Safe operation. (i) The employer shall ensure that each powered industrial truck operator is competent to operate a powered industrial truck safely, as demonstrated by the successful completion of the training and evaluation specified in this paragraph (l).

1910.178(l)(6) · 5,187 citations

(6) Certification. The employer shall certify that each operator has been trained and evaluated as required by this paragraph (l). The certification shall include the name of the operator, the date of the training, the date of the evaluation, and the identity of the person(s) performing the training or evaluation.

1910.178(l)(4)(iii) · 4,764 citations

(iii) An evaluation of each powered industrial truck operator's performance shall be conducted at least once every three years.

1910.178(p)(1) · 2,874 citations

(p) Operation of the truck. (1) If at any time a powered industrial truck is found to be in need of repair, defective, or in any way unsafe, the truck shall be taken out of service until it has been restored to safe operating condition.

1910.178(q)(7) · 2,796 citations

(7) Industrial trucks shall be examined before being placed in service, and shall not be placed in service if the examination shows any condition adversely affecting the safety of the vehicle. Such examination shall be made at least daily.

1910.178(l)(1)(ii) · 2,337 citations

(ii) Prior to permitting an employee to operate a powered industrial truck (except for training purposes), the employer shall ensure that each operator has successfully completed the training required by this paragraph (l), except as permitted by paragraph (l)(5).

1910.178(a)(4) · 2,128 citations

(4) Modifications and additions which affect capacity and safe operation shall not be performed by the customer or user without manufacturers prior written approval. Capacity, operation, and maintenance instruction plates, tags, or decals shall be changed accordingly.

1910.178(l)(2)(ii) · 1,611 citations

(ii) Training shall consist of a combination of formal instruction (e.g., lecture, discussion, interactive computer learning, video tape, written material), practical training (demonstrations performed by the trainer and practical exercises performed by the trainee), and evaluation of the operator's performance in the workplace.

Industries cited most

  • Manufacturing 17,244
  • Wholesale Trade 5,259
  • Construction 5,060
  • Transportation and Warehousing 4,734
  • Retail Trade 3,234
  • Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services 1,170

States cited most

Recently cited employers